Steam Table Calculator
Calculate water and steam properties: enthalpy, entropy, density, specific volume. Saturated and superheated. IAPWS data.
Saturated Steam Properties by Temperature
Results
Sat. Temperature
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Sat. Pressure
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Density
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Quality (x)
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Specific Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
Specific Entropy (kJ/kg·K)
Specific Volume (m³/kg)
Internal Energy (kJ/kg)
T-s Diagram
P-h Diagram
How this was calculated
Data source: Saturation properties are from NIST/IAPWS-IF97 standard steam tables, tabulated at 5°C intervals from 0°C to 370°C (75 data points). Linear interpolation is used between table entries.
Superheated steam: Properties for superheated conditions are computed from a sparse table at common pressures (1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 bar) with bilinear interpolation in pressure and temperature.
Internal energy: Calculated as u = h - P·v, where P is in kPa and v in m³/kg.
Accuracy: Suitable for engineering estimates and educational use. For design calculations or custody transfer, use full IAPWS-IF97 implementations or NIST REFPROP.
Limitations: Valid for temperatures 0-370°C (saturation) and up to ~600°C (superheated). Does not cover compressed liquid region in detail or supercritical conditions.
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Book a free strategy call →Understanding Steam Tables and Thermodynamic Properties of Water
Steam tables are among the most essential references in mechanical, chemical, and power engineering. They provide the thermodynamic properties of water and steam at various temperatures and pressures, enabling engineers to design boilers, turbines, heat exchangers, and piping systems with precision. This free online steam table calculator gives you instant access to saturated and superheated steam properties without needing to look up printed tables or interpolate manually.
The properties included in a standard steam table are specific enthalpy (h), which represents the total heat content per unit mass; specific entropy (s), which measures the degree of disorder or energy quality; specific volume (v), the volume occupied per kilogram of substance; and internal energy (u), the energy stored within the fluid excluding pressure-volume work. For saturated conditions, these properties are given for the liquid phase (subscript f), the vapor phase (subscript g), and the difference between them (subscript fg). The latent heat of vaporization, hfg, is particularly important for boiler and condenser design.
Saturated steam exists at the boiling point for a given pressure. At 1 atm (1.01325 bar), water boils at 100°C. At higher pressures, the boiling point increases — for example, at 10 bar, saturation temperature is approximately 179.9°C. The saturation curve defines the boundary between liquid and vapor phases on thermodynamic diagrams. Below this curve, water is a subcooled liquid; above it, steam is superheated. At the curve itself, liquid and vapor coexist, and the quality (x) describes the mass fraction of vapor in the mixture.
Superheated steam is steam heated beyond the saturation temperature at a given pressure. Superheated steam is used in power generation because it carries more energy per kilogram, reduces moisture content in turbine stages (protecting blades from erosion), and improves cycle efficiency. The degree of superheat is the difference between the actual temperature and the saturation temperature at the operating pressure.
Applications of Steam Tables
Steam tables are used daily in power plant engineering for Rankine cycle analysis, turbine sizing, and condenser design. Chemical engineers use them for distillation, evaporation, and reaction engineering involving water or steam. HVAC engineers rely on steam properties for heating system design. Petroleum engineers use steam properties for thermal enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and cyclic steam stimulation (CSS), where accurate enthalpy values are critical for calculating heat injection rates and reservoir energy balance.
The data in this calculator is based on the internationally accepted IAPWS-IF97 formulation, the same standard used by NIST and engineering software worldwide. For quick engineering estimates, educational use, and cross-checking results, this tool provides accurate values with linear interpolation between tabulated data points.
All calculations run entirely in your browser — no data is sent to any server. Built by Groundwork Analytics, an AI and engineering company that builds digital tools and deploys AI agents for the energy industry. Get in touch or email us at info@petropt.com.